Persea Americana Seed Extract Reduces the Burden of Cadmium on the Blood, Liver, and Kidney of Wistar Rats

Abstract

Cadmium is a highly toxic nonessential heavy metal that is well recognized for its adverse effect on the enzymatic systems of cells, oxidative stress, and for inducing nutritional deficiency in plants. This study evaluated the chelating capacity of Persea americana (avocado) seed on the organ-tissue parameters (blood, kidney, and liver) in wistar rats exposed to cadmium. Thirty (30) healthy wistar rats (male and female) with weight range of 160g to 250g were divided into 5 groups and used during the experiments. Group 1 which served as the control group was administered water only. Group 2 was administered 8mg/kg of cadmium chloride, group 3 was administered 8mg/kg cadmium chloride and 100mg/kg of EDTA (standard drug), group 4 and group 5 were administered 8mg/kg cadmium chloride and 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg of the Persea americana (avocado pear) seed extract daily. All administrations were via oral route for 28 days. On the 28 day, the rats were fasted over night and were sacrificed on the 29^th day. The blood, kidney, and liver organs were harvested and analyzed for cadmium level using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results showed that Persea americana reversed the hematology parameters (WBC, LYM, MON, GRAN, RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPx), and lipid peroxidation (MDA) induced with cadmium toxicity. It also showed that the level of cadmium was decreased in liver, kidney, and blood. This study concluded that Persea americana (avocado) seed extract have the potential to reduce the body burden of cadmium in wistar rats.