Proximate Analysis of Chicken Eggshell Using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Technique

Abstract

The paper presents comprehensive proximate analysis of chicken eggshells using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Chicken eggshells, are readily available bio-waste product, which constituent environmental nuisances if not properly managed. This study explores the potential of FTIR as a rapid and non-destructive technique for the proximate analysis of chicken eggshells. The study aimed to determine the chemical composition and structural characteristics of eggshells through the application of FTIR spectroscopy being a powerful analytical technique for investigation using molecular vibrations. Eggshells were collected from farms and restaurants around, cleaned, pulverized and used for the study. FTIR spectra were allowed to scan at a wavelength of 600-4000nm to obtain its spectra wavelength and analyzed for characteristic peaks corresponding to major functional groups and mineral components. The obtained FTIR spectrum revealed nineteen (19) distinct peaks at well-defined wavenumbers, which is indicative of various functional groups and molecular vibrations. The bands at 1444.636 cm^-1, 1347.831 cm^-1, 1007.913 cm^-1, 873.0817 cm^-1, and 709.1337 cm^-1 Indicated presence of Calcium Carbonate in the tested sample. FTIR demonstrated remarkable efficacy for the rapid and accurate proximate analysis of chicken eggshells. The outcome provided valuable insights into the eggshell's mineral composition, opening avenues for further exploration of its potential applications in various fields, including bio-materials, agriculture, filler material in composite materials and bio-waste valorization taking eggshells as a bio-resource which offers environmental benefits by reducing waste. Poultry farmers will also benefit from findings of this research through the several novel potential areas of application suggested by this paper.