Assessing the Levels of Heavy Metal Contamination in Surface Water of Alau Dam in Maiduguri, Nigeria

Abstract

This study aimed to measure the levels of heavy metals in water samples from the Alau dam, an important source of water for the surrounding areas, using Atomic Absorption spectrometer methods. The metals analyzed were Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Cr, which can have significant environmental and health impacts. The results showed that the mean concentrations of these metals in the middle of the dam were generally higher than those on the side of the dam, with Cu having the highest mean concentration at 0.067 mg/L. The results also showed a range of concentrations for each metal, with Fe having the widest range of 0.003-0.20 mg/L. These findings are important for understanding the potential exposure of individuals and the environment to heavy metals from the Alau dam. Exposure to high levels of heavy metals in water can cause various health problems such as kidney damage, nervous system damage, and cancer, and can also lead to bioaccumulation in the food chain, affecting entire ecosystems. The results of this study provide important information on the concentration of heavy metals in Alau dam and highlight the need for regular monitoring to ensure that the water is safe for human use and does not negatively impact the environment. This information can be used to inform policy decisions and environmental management strategies aimed at minimizing the risks associated with exposure to heavy metals.