A Review on The Ecological Impacts of Azo Dye and Survey of Bioremediation Potential Strains

Abstract

A dye is a chemical that gives materials their color. and has become
an important component of human life. Azo dyes, which are widely
utilized in the textile, leather, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics
industries, are the most widely produced synthetic dye-stuffs and pose
a hazard to all life forms. As a result, their presence in liquid effluents
from textile washing poses a major threat to the quality of receiving
habitats if they are not purified. These dyes and pigments are not
biodegradable, their presence can have a substantial impact on
aquatic wildlife and vegetation. This has a negative impact on the
environment's equilibrium by causing serious dangers, including
immediate dangers (eutrophication, under-oxygenation, color,
turbidity, and odor), long-term dangers (persistence, bioaccumulation
of carcinogenic aromatic products, and formation of chlorination byproducts), and mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. The dyes are not
efficiently removed by the physico-chemical method of industrial
wastewater treatment. Microbial degradation of azo dyes has gotten
a lot of interest recently because of their eco-friendly and low-cost
nature, the dyes could be decolonized by microbes. Therefore, this
work presents a review of the hazard caused by azo dye with the
pathological basis of the damage and the redemptive influence
bacteria.