Review of the Applications, Properties and Processing Parameters of Dual Phase Steels

Abstract

A critical and comprehensive review of the applications, properties
and processing parameters of dual phase steel has been presented in
this paper. Existing literatures ascertained that dual phase steels
possess mechanical properties superior to that of conventional high
strength low alloy steels and ordinary plain carbon steels, with a
high yield to strength ratio and good formability. It has been noted
that the synergy between the soft ferrite (matrix) phase and the
dispersed hard martensite or bainite phase is responsible for the
enhanced mechanical properties. Automotive industries were
identified to be the major consumers of dual phase steels,
particularly in the manufacture of its body structural components.
However, its application has been extended to other sectors like
production of precision tubes, large diameter pipes for conveying
petroleum products etc. The review revealed that though steel with
two phases were mentioned in the 1930s and 40s, fundamental and
detailed research on it did not commence until about 20 years later
and first breakthroughs being recorded in the 1970s. Cooling rate,
microalloying elements, temperature, deformation and strain rate
has been recognised to be the processing parameters that may affect
the mechanical properties of dual phase steel. Economic reasons and
the quest for safer and sustainable environment were identified to be
the major driving forces responsible for the development and
subsequent transformations and innovations that have occurred in
dual phase steels since its advent in the steel industry.