Proximate, Phytochemical Profiling and Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous Solanum Melongena Linn Leaf Extract

Abstract

The antibacterial, nutritional and phytochemical properties of Solanum
melongena Linn. aqueous leaf extracts were evaluated using routine
procedures which included; Salkowski test, agar well diffusion and broth
dilution respectively. Test clinical isolates utilized were; Staphylococcus
aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella sp. Varying quantities of the
phytochemical compounds; Phenols, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and
terpenoids were detected in the examined powdered leaves. The leaves had
comparatively high mean concentration of saponins; 14.20% while the mean
terpenoids value; 2.34% was the least amongst the detected phytochemicals.
The ash content of the eggplant leaves had the least mean concentration;
2.19 %, whilst the moisture value was the highest; 31.56 %. S. aureus was
the sensitive isolate as it elicited the highest mean growth inhibitory zone;
21.00 mm, while the minimal mean growth inhibitory zone; 4.80 mg/ml,
was elaborated by E. coli. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
value of the aqueous leaf extract was 800 mg/ml. More research aimed at
profiling and identifying bioactive compounds potentially present in extracts
prepared from parts of the eggplant is needed.