A Comprehensive Review of Alternative Fuel Solutions for Sustainable Transportation

Abstract

Shifting to sustainable fuel options is critical to reducing the environmental impacts of fossil fuel
use in transportation. This paper offers an extensive analysis of several alternative fuel types,
including fossil fuels, electric vehicles (EVs), biodiesel, hydrogen fuel cells, methanol, and natural
gas vehicles, summarizing each fuel’s benefits, current applications, and limitations. Drawing
insights from authoritative energy organizations and recent research, this review emphasizes the
role of infrastructure development and policy in creating a diverse energy mix to promote
sustainable, low-emission transportation.