Assessing Alternative Fuel Options for Sustainable Transportation

Abstract

The shift toward alternative fuel technologies is essential to mitigate the environmental impacts of traditional fossil fuels in the
transportation sector. This review examines multiple fuel sources, including fossil fuels, electric vehicles (EVs), biodiesel, hydrogen
fuel cells, methanol, and natural gas vehicles, providing an in-depth overview of the current state, advantages, and challenges
associated with each. Through a synthesis of global energy organization data and recent research, this paper emphasizes the
importance of infrastructure enhancement and supportive policies to facilitate a diverse energy landscape for transportation,
enabling a sustainable and low-emission future.